Fixed Bed Reactors consist of a stationary bed of catalyst in pelletized form through which reactants flow, typically in the gas or liquid phase and typically at High Temperatures. These reactors are commonly used for catalytic processes, where the reactants pass over the catalyst bed and undergo chemical reactions either in isothermal or adiabatic mode. They are widely used for applications like petrochemical refining, petrochemicals and environmental control and mostly for high tonnage continuous processes. Variety of configurations are possible such as upflow, downflow and trickle bed with possible add-ons such as intercoolers or side injection of reactants. Sometimes a shell and tube or tube in tube configuration is adopted for high heat transfer. Fluidized Bed Reactors are a very specialized type of reactor that uses a gas or liquid flow to suspend solid particles, creating a fluid-like mixture. This enhances heat and mass transfer, making them ideal for processes like catalytic cracking, gasification and combustion. View Projects